Explain why only about 10% of energy is transferred from one trophic level to the next.

Only 10% of energy transfers between trophic levels because 90% is lost through life processes and inefficient feeding.

Step-by-Step Solution:

Energy is lost through respiration (organisms use energy for cellular processes)
Heat energy is continuously lost to the environment
Not all parts of organisms are digestible (some passes through as waste)
Energy is lost through movement and hunting
Some parts of organisms aren't eaten (like bones, feathers)

Key Mistake to Avoid: Don't forget that respiration is the main source of energy loss - students often focus only on uneaten parts or waste.

Quick Tip: Remember the "10% rule" by thinking of a £10 note - if you spend £9 on living costs (energy losses), only £1 (10%) can be passed on to the next level.