How does a convex lens form a real, inverted, and smaller image? Draw a ray diagram.

A convex lens forms a real, inverted, and smaller image when the object is placed beyond 2F (twice the focal length), with rays converging on the opposite side of the lens.

Step-by-Step Solution:
Draw three principal rays from the top of the object:
- Ray 1: Parallel to principal axis → bends through focal point (F)
- Ray 2: Through center of lens → passes straight through
- Ray 3: Through focal point → emerges parallel to principal axis
Where these rays intersect, mark the image
Image characteristics: real (rays actually meet), inverted (below axis), smaller than object

[Ray Diagram would be drawn here showing object beyond 2F]

Key Mistake to Avoid: Students often forget that any ray passing through the center of the lens continues straight without deviation.



Quick Tip: Remember "RIS" - Real images are always Inverted and form on a Screen.